Aim of this study is to analyze coaches’leadership styles and explain the activity of research made by Centro Studi Psicosport of Milan (Italy), from 1999 to 2007. This study examines coaches’ leadership through the Scale for Sport leadership through the Leadership Scale for Sports (LSS) by P. Chelladurai in 45 coaches and 313 athletes of different individual and team sports. Coaches and athlete came from Italian highlevel team. The scale measures athletes’perception and preferences and coaches’perceptions about five dimensions: Training and Instruction, Democratic Style, Autocratic Style, Social Support and Positive Feedback, Results show significant differences between athletes’perceptions and preferences about Training and Instructions dimensions. The same regarding differences between tean or individuak coaches’preferences about Autocratic.

Background and aims: Nowaday aggressive behaviour is very frequent in children and adolescents. This problem led the Authors to do a research to know if with physical education at school, we have a chance to modify aggressive behaviour. Methods: The Authors didn’t randomly allocate the subjects in two different groups because the exercise group and the control group ,and worked with students of 2A (n and 2B classes (elementary school classes. Class IIB was the exercise group (n:17) and Class IIA was the control group (n:18). Both groups have been valued with motor skill tests and personality tests, The exercise group was involved in a physical activity with the purpose to improve fine motor skills like rhythm, they took part in this project for 18 weeks practicing once a week for two hours. Results: The results showed significant improvement in the fine motor skills we valued , in the movement control and in motor learning. We noticed improvement also in the social field, the class confirmed the good behaviour they showed at the beginning of the activity. Conclusion: Since physical education is also socialization, it requires respect for rules, classmate and teachers., this activity helps children to control instinctive actions, source of aggressive behaviour, and to define their attitude.

Objective: To verify the feasibility of a” quick and dirty” effectiveness evaluation meyhod , in its application to a psychiatric rehabilitation programme based on sport activisy. Method: Pre-pos study, with outcome variables that are partly hard nbes and derived from the health information system amd partly soft amd based on recall The study involved 50 psychiatric patients with shizophrenia ( this was the most frequent diagnosis) disorders of personality and other psychosis in a Mental Health Department of Rome. Psychopathological conditions and social functioning were assessed with the three versions of the scale SAVE, which include the same 14 questions about the patient and are filled in one by mental health workers, one by caregivers and first month after the beginning of the rehabilitation programme . Basic variables such as hospitalisations and drug treatment adherence were also examined. Results: SAVE instruments have been filled only for 30 patients (group with “complete assessment”) out of 50 . In these patients a remarkable concordance between health workers, caregivers and patients was observed . In the total sample of 50 patients marked improvements were observed in number of hospitalisations (from 35 to 15) and length of stay in socially useful activities and psychopathological symptoms; improvement percentages were comprised between 23% to 47%. Family burden also decreased by 21%. Conclusions: This approach may prove useful to confirm the effectiveness of an intervention of proved efficacy to investigate preliminarily a new intervention before studying it more rigorously and to involve caregivers and patients in the assessment of outcomes. It provides preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of a rehabilitation programme that is based on sport activities includes caregivers involvement and pays attention to the acquired skill generalisation . The improvement was greater in patients who had a more severe conditions and more collaborative caregivers.