Soccer referees must be physically trained as well as mentally read to respond, quickly and appropriately, to always mutable circumstances. The precision and the efficacy of his/her evaluations are based on the development of specific skills in modulating and regulating the attentional focus. Furthermore, it is important to stress that the performance quality levels depends on the flexibility and the rapidity of attentional processes.

This research, based on Nideffer' s model, try to investigate the relations between the level of individual skills and the specific features of attentional and interpersonal style The aim of this study is to help soccer referees trainers in their teaching task giving to the future referees the cognitive tools to better analyse their behavioural and, in general, to judge the performance.

The results of the analysis show that the soccer referees's attentional style is mainly broad-external, with a high level of overloaded by external information. The AA have noticed different attentional styles for the different type of referees ( main referees and linesmen), but also within the same categories. The Authors' results show that the attentional style partially influences the global evaluation, but for a few specific aspects, it becomes a good predictor of evaluation performance. In particular, the direction of the attentional focus correlates to those aspects of evaluation, concerning the position of the referee in the field, the prevention and the discipline showed by the referee, and the general performance, The focus with associated to the E scale (general performance scale) is probably the best predictor of the referee skill to choose the best location in the field during the game. A positive correlation has been found between the scales of interpersonal style and both the athletic performance and the position in the field. There are some differences in referee-type: The linemen are less distracted by internal and external information, they make less mistakes caused by focus reduced flexibility, and they feel to be more able to integrate a high number of external stimuli efficaciously

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between sport and improvement in self-efficacy and perceived competence of mentally disabled young subjects. Forty participants, males and females, mildly mentally retarded, ages 20 to 40 years, were divided equally into two groups: a) non participants of sport activity; b) participant of sport activity, amateurish and agonistic. All participants completed a Scale of Perceived Motor Self-Efficacy, constructed according to Bandura's (2001) indications and a modified version of the Self-Perception Profile for Children (Harter,1985) adapted by Pedrabissi & Santinello (1988). Results indicated that participants of sport activity, amateurish and agonistic, revealed a higher motor self-efficacy and perceived athletic competence than subjects non participant of sport activity.

"Extreme" sports are defined as a confrontation against the risk, Media are diffusion emotional images where high level athletes are controlling risk situations. It was the case with rock climbing when Patrick Edlinger was performing sole climbing on Verdon cliffs. Rock climbing was then widely diffuses in the schools, in particular by the intermediary of fully protected artificial structure in Lyons agglomeration, analyses the relationship between rock climbing incentive motives to the practice and its sport image. It tests the assumption according to which, in spite of the strong reduction of the objective risk, rock climbing attracts people having motives related to the research of emotion created by confrontation to the risk. This rock climber segment is differentiates from the others by the fact that it has an image of rock climbing associating risk and the danger.

The results demonstrate that the image of rock climbing is not homogenous among those rock climbers and is influenced by their incentive motives. In other words, the same sport can bring together in the same space, several types of people having a different representation of the sport they practise.

Recent sport psychology research addressing athletic antisporting tends to focus either on the moral or the motivational dimensions of antisporting behaviour. The current study utilizes both moral and motivational constructs to investigate antisporting behaviour in girls participant from two different social-group leagues: soccer players and no sporting players ( student of university). Statistic analyses reveal that the players who described themselves as more likely to: a) to accept the norms of control the teams's antisporting behaviour; b) perceive their coach as placing greater importance on antisporting behaviour; c) their motivation is conditioned by other girls in the same game.

These results suggest that young athletes' antisporting behaviour is related to their teams moral atmosphere, including team antisporting norms, players' perception of these norms and coach's characteristics.